Chao: /* Tools */

2020-01-31T14:00:23Z

Tools

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== Commands ==
use Ctrl + O to save file
use Ctrol + X to quit

More info can see on this [http://www.raspberrypi-spy.co.uk/2013/11/quick-guide-to-nano-text-editor-on-the-raspberry-pi/ page].

=== Common ===
* Vi: type i to edit, type esc to exit edit mode, type :x to save editing
* screen

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Name !! Type !! available in || description
|-
| neo4j || Example || Example
|-
| Napkin || Example || Example
|-
| JRuby|| Example || Example
|-
| Java || coding || Example
|-
| ssh || network || Example
|-
| git || coding || Example
|-
| lsof || Example || Example
|-
| libc6-armel || Example || Example
|-
| Bash || common || Example
|-
| Busybox || Example || Example
|-
| cpulimit || system || Example
|-
| [[Transmission]] || network || openwrt
|-
| [[Shadowsocks]] || network || openwrt
|-
| [[mjpeg streamer]] || video || Example
|-
| [[Linux Motion]] || video || Example
|-
| [[Nano]] || editor || Example
|-
| [[opkg]] || system|| Example
|-
| [[perl]] || coding || Example
|-
| [[vsftpd]] || network || Example
|-
| [[wget]] || network|| Example
|-
| [[yaaw]] || network || Example
|-
| Htop || system || Example || monitor system status
|-
| Psensor || system || Example || monitor CPU status
|-
| apache2 || internet || Example || apache internet server
|-
| nginx || internet || Example || widely used internet server, maybe better than apache2
|-
| Php5 || internet || Example || lanuage
|-
| mysql || internet || Example || database
|}
* matchbox-keyboard florence sudo
* apt-get install gdebi
* sudo apt-get install synaptic

=== rSync file ===

Basic syntax of rsync command - rsync options source destination
Sufffix
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Header text !! Header text !! Header text
|-
| Example || -v || verbose
|-
| Example || -r || copies data recursively (but don’t preserve timestamps and permission while transferring data
|-
| Example || -a || archive mode, archive mode allows copying files recursively and it also preserves symbolic links, file permissions, user & group ownerships and timestamps
|-
| Example || -z || compress file data
|-
| Example || -h || human-readable, output numbers in a human-readable format
|-
| Example || -z || compress during transfer
|-
| Example || -H, --hard-links || keep the hard links
|-
| Example || -S, --sparse || sparse file special treatment to save DST space

|}
Examples
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Type !! Header text !! Header text
|-
| Basic ||
* rsync -avSH /home/coremail/ /cmbak/
* rsync -azv /var/opt/installation/inventory/ /root/temp/
|| copy local file from /home/coremail to /cmbak
|-
| Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example
|}

* reference: http://coolnull.com/1899.html

=== Open windows software ===
* install app win: apt-get install wine

=== Proxy ===
SS client
* apt-get install shadowsocks
* sslocal -c ss.json
Proxy - ProxyChains
* proxychains > tsocks
Proxy - Polipo
* Install polipo: apt-get install polipo
* config /etc/polipo/config

proxyAddress = "0.0.0.0"

socksParentProxy = "127.0.0.1:1080"
socksProxyType = socks5

chunkHighMark = 50331648
objectHighMark = 16384

serverMaxSlots = 64
serverSlots = 16
serverSlots1 = 32

* restart it: /etc/init.d/polipo restart
* restart and try:
export http_proxy="http://127.0.0.1:8123/"
curl www.google.com
* proxychains: /etc/proxychains.conf
* tsocks: sudo nano /etc/tsocks.conf
Find IP in LAN:
* install nmap: sudo apt-get install nmap
* nmap -sn 192.168.1.0/24
or use netdiscover
* sudo apt-get install netdiscover
* sudo netdiscover -r 192.168.1.0/24 -i wlan0
* change wlan0 to eth0

Send udp data to a IP
* sendip -p ipv4 -is 192.168.1.81 -p udp -us 5070 -ud 5060 -d "Hello" -v 192.168.1.81
* Refer to [[ESP Light]]

=== Media ===
* media play with omxplayer, command: omxplayer example.mp3
* to force output : omxplayer -o hdmi example.mp3
* or: omxplayer -o local example.mp3
* Use lxmuisc or VLC: apt-get install lxmusic
* [https://github.com/KenT2/tboplayer Omx GUI player TBOplayer]

==== Use Minidlna====
sudo apt-get install minidlna
* edit connf for minidlna /etc/minidlna.conf
port=8200
media_dir=/media/
friendly_name=dlna
restart it
sudo /etc/init.d/minidlna force-reload
* webpage data can be found at: http://192.168.0.103:8200/
* local view at "my computer" - "network"
==== opkg package management ====
* list-installed
* remove
* update
[[File:Openwrt opkg configuration.png|thumbnail]]
* Check the opkg source address, my correct address is '''barrier_breaker http://downloads.openwrt.org/barrier_breaker/14.07/ramips/rt305x/packages/packages''', replacing it in the follow text

== Commands ==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Category !! Command !! Description !! example !! example description

|-
| File/Folder || cd || change directory ||
* cd ..
* cd /
* cd .
|| -
|-
| File/Folder || cat || print file content to screen || - || -
|-
| File/Folder || touch || change file to current system time, or create new file || - || -
|-
| File/Folder || mkdir || make directory || mkdir -m 700 electrodragon || -m for mode 700
|-
| File/Folder || tailf || diplay the last 10 lines of the file || tailf /srv/www/logs/www*access.log || -
|-
| File/Folder || pwd || list current folder || pwd || -
|-
| File/Folder || cp || copy file || cp -r folder /home/
|-
| File/Folder || rm -rf || remove the file or folder, r=? f=force || -
|-
| File/Folder ||
* ls -l
* ls -a
|| list the user and group -a include all files || ls -l ||
* drwxrwxr-x 1 root root 8192 Nov 10 03:18 SSK
* 3th root = user, 4th root =group, SSK folder name
* -a show all files and folders
* -l show in long mode
* -R Recursively
|-
| File/Folder || mv || move or rename files and folders || mv /usr/lib/* /zone
|}

=== File/Folder Right ===
==== Basic ====
root@www:~/sh# ls -al
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Dec 13 06:26 .
drwx------ 10 root root 4096 Dec 13 05:56 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1226 Dec 13 05:48 backup.sh
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 13 05:42 bk
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Dec 13 06:04 .git
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 561 Dec 13 06:03 loadmonitor.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 Dec 13 06:26 mem.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 778 Dec 13 06:00 nginx_log.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 280 Dec 13 05:48 uptime.sh
For line '''drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 13 05:42 bk'''
* d is directory, rwx is write/read/run right, 1st group for owner, 2 for group, 3 other users

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Category !! Command !! Description !! example !! example description

|-
| File/Folder Right || chown || change folder owner and group ||
*chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/pi
* chown root:debian-transmission SSK
||
* oracle is user, oinstall is group
* set user root and group debian-transmissoin for folder SSK

|-
| File/Folder Right || chmod || change folder/file permission || chmod -R 700 /opt/oracle || 700 is the permission, R means folder and files, recursive
|-
| File/Folder Right || usermod -a -G || Add the user to the supplementary group(s). Use only with the -G option. || usermod -a -G pi debian-transmission || add debian* to pi group

|-
| File/Folder Right || Usermod -G || add user to a group || usermod -G root pi || add user pi to root group
|-
| File/Folder Right ||
* id
* whoami
* groups: groups <user>
* passwd
* su switch user
* sudo get root right
||
*
*
* check user in which group
*
*
*
||
*
*
* groups root
*
*
*
||
*
*
* root : root indiecity debian-transmission
*
*
*

|-
| File/Folder Right || chgrp || change group ||
*chgrp debian-transmission /mnt/usbel/Torrents/mytrasnmission/incomplete
* chgrp debian-transmission /mnt/usbel/Torrents/mytrasnmission/complete
|| change folder group
|}
=== User and Group ===
* userdel username

=== Net ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Category !! Command !! Description !! example !! example description

|-
| User right || groupadd or groupdel || add/del new group || groupadd group1 || -
|-
| User right || alias ||
* set alias name for command
* add alias on boot: ~/.bashrc for single user
* or /etc/bashrc or /etc/bash.bashrc for all user (ubuntu, lubuntu)
* reboot to make it work.
|| alias p="pwd" or p='pwd' ||
|-
| Net || ping || ping ip address || ping 192.168.0.1 ||
|-
| Net || ifconfig|| show network info || ifconfig ||
|-
| Net || wget || download a file from internet ||

|}

=== System ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Category !! Command !! Description !! example !! example description
|-
| System-package || apt-get || install, remove, update, remove --purage package || apt-get install || install package
|-
| System-package || sudo dpkg -i debfile || install *.deb package ||

|-
| System || su || switch user || su ||

|-
| System || lsusb, lsmod || list usb, modules || - || -
|-
| System || dmesg || Boot info || - || -

|-
| System || crontab -e || run programme periodically ||
* 0 0 * * * rm -rf /tmp/motion/*.* # rm all the files in motion folder at 0:0
* 0 */2 * * * /sbin/service httpd restart # restart httpd every two hours
|| -
|-
| System || help || help command || - || -
|-
| System || man || show manual || man update-rc.d || -
|-
| System || ps -x || show current process || - || -
|-
| System || top || system status || - || -
|-
| System || hostname || show/edit hostname || hostname moon|| change hostname to "moon", also need to change /etc/hosts
|-
| System || ps || show process ||
* ps -A | grep ssh*
* ps -ef | grep mosquitto
|| check if service ssh on or off
|-
| System || free -m ||
* check free memory
* #total: Total memory size; 
* #used: memory has been used; 
* #free: free memory; 
* #shared: shared memory size; 
* #buffers: used for buffer memory; 
* #cached: used for cache memory
|| - || -
|}
=== Screen ===
* Screen, sync SSH to Serial of RPI -> Install first sudo apt-get install screen -> screen /dev/ttyAMA0/ 115200

== Tools ==
* FileZilla
* WinScp
* SecureCRT
* Xshell

== Packages ==
=== Nano ===
Install 
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/c_enviroment/sample$ sudo apt-get install nano
A simple tutorial on how to use nano is: http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/42980/the-beginners-guide-to-nano-the-linux-command-line-text-editor/ 
 
One thing you may notice with this sketch, it compiles to the command line. This example shows how you can pass parameters to the sketch when calling it from the command line. This is optional as you will see in some of the other sketches, but does add some benefit to writing sketches to run on the pcDuino. 

[[category: Linux]]

Category:Linux Commands - Revision history

Chao: /* Tools */